10/8 class notes

• over 6.8 billion people on the planet right now
• increasing by over 80 million per year
• by 220,980 per day (in 2009)
• 14,000 births per hour
• 90% of this population growth takes place in the developing countries of Africa, South and East Asia, and Latin America
• the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year
   
  High:  Japan       (82.6 total:     79.0 men,  86.1 women)
   
  # 38:  U.S.           (78.2 total:     75.6 men,  80.8 women)
  
  
  Low:  Swaziland  (31.9 total:     31.6 men,  32.2 women)
  rude birth rate: number of births per 1000 of the population

  
  

  crude death rate: number of deaths per 1000 of the population

  
  

  rate of natural increase (RNI) 

  • produced by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate, then dividing by 10
  • this gives us the annual natural growth rate - in percentage form -  for a country or region 

   

  But don't forget about migration...!Net Migration Rate: the difference between the number of persons entering and leaving a country during a year

   

  an excess of persons entering the country is net immigration 

   

  • written as a positive number
  • example: Canada has 5.63 migrants per 1,000 population

   

  an excess of persons leaving the country is net emigration

   

  • written as a negative number
  • example: Mexico has -3.61 migrants per 1,000 populationpush forces
    
    
    • civil war
    • environmental degradation
    • unemployment
    • religious or ethnic persecution
    
    
    pull forces
    
    
    • better economic opportunity
    • better health services
    • religious freedom
    • political freedom
  TFR: average number of children born per woman

  for a population to remain the same, the TFR must be 2.1

  higher than 2.1: population rises

  lower than 2.1: population falls

  
  

  World TFR:      2.54

   

  US TFR:          2.05

  Europe's TFR: 1.45

  Africa's TFR:    5.14